Mrsure de l'épaisseur d'un cheveu par voie optique et mécanique

Abstract

A hair is an object that figures among infinitely small objects, so it is considered a biological tissue located both inside and outside an organism; it has a very particular architecture. Our work is purely practical consisting of studying and measuring the thickness of a variety of hair using optical, opto-mechanical and mechanical means. The main objective is to identify the uncertainty that separates the means of control, and to establish a comparison between the methods of measurement, through a practical internship in three laboratories (metrology laboratory, non-metallic materials laboratory of the institute of optics and precision mechanics, metrology laboratory research and development at the level of the Samha Brandt Company). The results obtained show that the optical methods are better suited to the measurement of infinitely small objects, since the measurement is carried out without contact and is practiced on the image of the object that could lead to a measurement without deformation and non-destructive. Their uncertainties are minimal compared to other methods. Measured hair thicknesses are between [48.44 -125.95µm] and device uncertainties are between [±0, 09 - ±1, 35µm].