La déformation de la cornée : de l'astigmatisme à l'amincissement cornée

Abstract

Keratoconus is a deformation of the cornea that loses its regular rounded shape to become conical and irregular. It is accompanied a significant decrease in visual acuity linked to irregular astigmatism and myopia. The affected patient suffers from distorted vision, increases light sensitivity and repercussions in their daily living activities. This disease is usually diagnosed between the ages of 10 and 20, but can occur at any age. The correction of Keratoconus is depends on its stage. The goal of our work was to fully understand Keratoconus: the causes, the diagnosis, and finally the possible solutions. We conducted a retrospective study on dozens of people at different eye clinics. The operation began with an interrogation of the patient, the objective refraction with raw visual acuity measurement and with correction, followed by a corneal topography in case of suspicion of Keratoconus. We measured different parameters (maximum keratometry, minimum pachymétrie, appearance of different topographic maps .etc...). Thus, by referring to these parameters, an exact diagnosis was established with the different stages of the disease with glasses, lenses, corneal transplant, cross-linking, or by intra corneal rings.