Diagnosis and management of early keratoconus

Abstract

A bilateral, asymmetric condition known as keratoconus causes the cornea to gradually thin and becomes steeper, which leads to irregular astigmatism and decreased visual acuity. Commonly begins in the second and third decades of life, keratoconus progresses until the fourth decade. Both sexes and all ethnicities are affected by the condition. Although the exact cause of KC is unknown, the etiology is complex and involves several risk factors and the most risk factor of this condition is eye rubbing. Understanding the classification and comparing the indications and clinical findings and topography results to normal corneal values are necessary for an early diagnosis of the disease. Moreover, to providing as a barrier against external factors that can worsen the condition, glasses can enhance visual acuity in the early stages of the condition, particularly in those with mildly irregular corneas and low amounts of corneal astigmatism.