http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/5427 2026-08-12T17:45:21Z 2026-08-12T17:45:21Z LEBAZDA, Rafika http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6702 2026-07-13T09:15:24Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Polycopid of Practical Works Plant physiology : Designed For second year students (LMD) FIELD: Natural and Life Sciences (NLS) SECTOR: Ecology and Environment Auteur(s): LEBAZDA, Rafika Résumé: To make laboratory work more meaningful it is advisable to follow certain basic guidelines. Before starting an experiment read carefully the protocol, the assigned objective and the hypothesis involved. Then prepare the plan of work before actually starting the experiment. Do not be a "filter paper scientist". Record all primary operations and data directly in your bound notebook. Data recorded in discs of filter paper on loose sheets of paper are likely to get lost. Data should be recorded in tabular form in well-defined format. All the data obtained should be recorded in your report no matter how unsatisfactory the data may appear to be. Do not feel perturbed if data, negative to your expectation, are obtained. Negative data are more meaningful and pave the way for exploration of protocol and testing of other components. It also provides opportunity to indicate the loopholes in your experimentation. Graphical presentation of data should be done in order to quicker understanding of the experimental results. Finally, a concise report should be presented stating the methodology, results obtained and a brief discussion about the findings. At the end of day, your working bench should be as clean as it was in the beginning of the experimental operations.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z LEBAZDA, Rafika http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6701 2026-07-13T09:01:11Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Tutorial works of General Ecology : Designed For second year students (LMD) FIELD: Natural and Life Sciences (NLS Auteur(s): LEBAZDA, Rafika Résumé: Understanding ecology is very important to the understanding of Earth’s future. It provides the basis for considerable utilization of natural resources facilitating in the conservation of habitats and species, and also for the prediction on reflection of man’s activities on natural environment. This clearly explains that ecology is concerned with relationships between living organisms: plants, animals, microorganisms and their environment. Ecologists study the way in which organisms, populations, communities and ecosystem’s function and in doing so encompass many other areas of knowledge. Understanding how our living environment works is essentially a study of ecological systems. Ecology is the science of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment, and how such interactions create self-organizing communities and ecosystems. This science touches us all. The food we eat, the water we drink, the natural resources we use, our physical and mental health, and much of our cultural heritage is to a large degree product of ecological interactions of organisms and their environment.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z BENIDER, Chafia http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6688 2026-07-09T09:19:21Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Botany : Handout for second-year Common Core BIology Auteur(s): BENIDER, Chafia Résumé: This document presents the Botany course designed for second-year Biology students in the common core program. Its primary aim is to provide a solid foundation in the description, nomenclature, and classification of plant species, while highlighting their organization within a unified, hierarchically and phylogenetically structured system. In addition, the course introduces key concepts related to plant physiology and reproduction, offering students a comprehensive understanding of plant life. Botany is a fundamental discipline with wide-ranging applications. Its contributions to healthcare support the discovery and development of new medicines and treatments for major diseases. In agriculture, botanical knowledge enables the adoption of effective planting and cultivation techniques, thereby improving crop yield and sustainability. Throughout this course, students are encouraged to explore the diversity of plant life and to understand the interactions between plants and their environment. Botanists also play a crucial role in studying the impact of pollution on plant systems, advising decision-makers, and contributing to the protection of endangered species and natural ecosystems. Their work remains essential for the preservation of biodiversity and the sustainability of our environment.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z BENIDER, Chafia http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6687 2026-07-09T09:09:09Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: The directed work of Envirenement and Sustainable Development : Handout for second-year Common Core Ecology Auteur(s): BENIDER, Chafia Résumé: Environmental protection is both an objective and a strategic direction in order to ensure a good quality of life and sustainable socio-economic development for its population This reflects the desire to reconcile the obligations of economic growth and the improvement of the social conditions of the population on the one hand, with the requirements of the conservation of natural resources and the protection of the environment on the other. Faced with the seriousness of environmental problems, the environmental sector in Algeria is undergoing changes, notably through the strengthening of the institutional and legal framework, and the establishment of various environmental programsEnvironmental policy programs in Algeria were launched in order to achieve objectives and consider solutions, to solve environmental problems, by adopting laws that state and private institutions and associations are called upon to implement In this support(08 sessions of Directed Works), we will define sustainable development, we will analyze the indicators of sustainable development, we will show how to manage natural resources with a view to sustainable development and finally we will present the current dimensions of sustainable development, through the Sustainable Development Goals It is consistent with the new programs established by the Ministry of Higher Education and Research Scientific The main objective of this documing is to sensitize the student to assimilate the basic concepts of teaching courses of sustainable development with concrete examples, alongside the economic and social dimensions, and in interrelationships with them. He will thus have acquired knowledge of a basis that it can implement in companies and can become in the future one of the actors own development.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z