http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/52 2026-05-08T16:29:24Z 2026-05-08T16:29:24Z Derguine, Rania http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6606 2026-02-16T13:07:04Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Search for new genetic markers for type 1 diabetes Auteur(s): Derguine, Rania Résumé: This study aims to identify certain early pancreatic beta cell’s dysregulations responsible for type 1 diabetes development and to evaluate certain biological effects of curcumin and nicotinamide that may be effective in the management of type 1 diabetes. Initially, β-cell disorders were studied using streptozotocin-treated NIT-1 cells as an experimental model. Streptozotocin significantly induced the death of both β-cells and mice-isolated pancreatic islets. Streptozotocine-treated NIT- 1cells showed a set of disorders including an up-regulation of three genes expression related to ER- stress (ATF4, NF-ĸB1, and CHOP), and a state of oxidative stress which was observed as a decrease in GSH level and an increase in ROS accumulation, MDA level, and the activities of XO and SOD. Secondly, the potential beneficial effects of curcumin and nicotinamide on pancreatic beta-cells (NIT-1 cell line) and pancreatic islets (isolated from mice) were evaluated. Nicotinamide was non- toxic to both islets and NIT-1 cells, while curcumin showed a minor insignificant toxicity to NIT-1 cells .Curcumin and nicotinamide significantly enhanced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Curcumin significantly reduced insulin secretion in β-cells, whereas nicotinamide slightly increased this secretion. Both molecules significantly protected β-cells against the STZ-induced death and STZ-induced ROS accumulation. Curcumin at low dose (30µg/ml) exerted an antioxidant effect in β- cell as reflected by high level of GSH and low levels of MDA and SOD, while at high dose (60µg/ml), it induced oxidative stress. The antioxidant activity of nicotinamide was confirmed in vitro by evaluating its effect on xanthine oxydase activity. Nicotinamide showed remarquable and dose-dependent inhibition of XO activity. The possible side effects of these molecules on pancreatic β-cell was also verified by assessing their impact on the expression of NF-ĸB1, ATF4, and CHOP genes. Both molecules at high dose (60µg/ml) increased the expression of these genes. Bioinformatic study showed the interaction of curcumin with a set of proteins involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.The immuno-modulatory activity of curcumin and nicotinamide on human neutrophil was also assessed. Curcumin significantly decreased neutrophil viability, elastase activity, and myeloperoxidase activity in a dose-dependent manner, while nicotinamide showed no immunomodulatory effects on these parameters. Curcumin's potential as a HNE and MPO inhibitor was confirmed through computational studies, including molecular docking analysis, DFT calculations, and MEP analysis, which revealed its high affinity with HNE and MPO enzyme active sites and provide informations on the electronic, energetic, and elecroteostatic characteristics of curcumin.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Aitfella, Radhia Aitfella, Radhia http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6565 2025-12-17T13:03:09Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Use of phytogenic feed additives for the Management of avian coccidiosis : a promising alternative strategy; Use of phytogenic feed additives for the Management of avian coccidiosis : a promising alternative strategy Auteur(s): Aitfella, Radhia; Aitfella, Radhia Résumé: We investigated avian coccidiosis in Boumerdès Province (Algeria) and evaluated phytogenic alternatives to synthetic anticoccidials. From December 2017 to April 2018, 158 broiler farms were inspected; 72.8% were positive for Eimeria. Each farm received a biosecurity score (0–100) based on 75 indicators; none of the 22 farms scoring ≥ 70 were infected, whereas all positive farms scored below this threshold. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed biosecurity as the key determinant of infection: informal legal status, stocking density > 12 birds m², earth floors and degraded li????er markedly increased risk, while using public-supply water had a strong protective effect. Seven Eimeria species were detected, with distinct micro-regional distribution pa????erns. In parallel, water mint (Mentha aquatica L.) was characterised as a source of antioxidants and as a potential anticoccidial agent. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysed two extracts (aqueous infusion, hydro-ethanolic macerate). The hydro-ethanolic extract contained higher levels of phenolics. Still, it was more cytotoxic, whereas the infusion showed be????er cell tolerance, greater protection of human erythrocytes and strong α- glucosidase inhibition, indicating promising nutraceutical properties. However, neither chemical richness nor antioxidant capacity predicted anticoccidial efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Among the plant extracts tested, the aqueous extract of Thymus algeriensis showed the best in vivo performance, with high survival, improved lesion scores, and reduced oocyst shedding. At the same time, rosemary provided intermediate protection, and mint remained ineffective. Overall, achieving a minimal biosecurity threshold and combining optimised husbandry with selected phytogenics emerge as complementary strategies to control coccidiosis and reduce reliance on synthetic drugs in poultry production.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Sekhri Zeggar, Hadjer http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/5333 2025-06-29T09:49:02Z 2025-06-29T00:00:00Z

Titre: Extraction and evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Scabiosa atropurpurea L. extracts Auteur(s): Sekhri Zeggar, Hadjer Résumé: Scabiosa atropurpurea est une plante thérapeutique d'Algérie, reconnue pour sa richesse en métabolites secondaires et ses diverses activités biologiques. Cette étude visait à identifier ses composés bioactifs et à évaluer ses propriétés antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires, anticancéreuses ainsi que sa toxicité aiguë. Les extraits aqueux (AqE) et méthanolique (ME) ont été obtenus par des procédures d'extraction, avec des rendements de 9,06 % et 13,8 %, respectivement. L'analyse phytochimique préliminaire a confirmé la présence de polyphénols, terpénoïdes, flavonoïdes, saponines, tanins, anthraquinones, quinones libres et sucres réducteurs dans les deux extraits, tandis que les coumarines étaient absentes dans le ME. L'analyse quantitative a révélé que le ME contenait la plus grande quantité de polyphénols totaux (114,13 ± 0,92 μg équivalent d’acide gallique /mg extrait sec) et de flavonoïdes (100,57 ± 0,93 μg équivalent quercétine/mg extrait sec). En revanche, l'AqE présentait la plus forte teneur en tanins condensés (41,04 ± 0,64 μg équivalent catéchine /mg extrait sec). L'analyse UPLC-MS/MS a permis d'identifier 34 composants bioactifs dans les deux extraits sous les modes ioniques négatif et positif. Les composés détectés comprenaient principalement des acides phénoliques et des flavonoïdes, suivis de triterpénoïdes, sesquiterpénoïdes, tanins, saponines, iridoïdes, acides gras et autres. L'activité antioxydante in vitro a été évaluée à l'aide de plusieurs tests, notamment la capture des radicaux DPPH et hydroxyles, la chélation du fer ferreux, le pouvoir réducteur et la méthode au phosphomolybdate. Le potentiel anti-inflammatoire a été évalué par un modèle d'inhibition de la dénaturation des protéines, où les deux extraits ont montré une efficacité dépendante de la dose. L'activité anti-inflammatoire in vivo a révélé une réduction significative des oedèmes de l'oreille et de la patte de manière dose-dépendante. De plus, les extraits ont montré un effet analgésique notable en réduisant les contorsions chez les souris. Les tests de cytotoxicité sur les cellules du cancer de la prostate ont montré que l'AqE avait l'effet antiprolifératif le plus puissant, avec un IC50 de 195,12 ± 3,87 μg/mL, suivi du ME (IC50 = 441,95 ± 8,94 μg/mL). L'étude de toxicité aiguë orale n'a révélé aucun signe de toxicité ou de mortalité. Dans l’ensemble, Scabiosa atropurpurea est riche en métabolites secondaires et présente des propriétés antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires et antitumorales significatives, en faisant une candidate prometteuse pour le développement de médicaments.

2025-06-29T00:00:00Z Laroui, Haifaa http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/4620 2024-11-21T09:59:15Z 2024-11-21T00:00:00Z

Titre: Antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. &Durieu extracts Auteur(s): Laroui, Haifaa Résumé: Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Durieu (Apiaceae) is traditionally used in southern Algeria to decrease blood glucose levels along with a wide range of physiological disorders due to its health-promoting properties. This study aims to validate the traditional claims of this species through in vitro and in vivo evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of plant methanolic extract and its fractions, together with assessment of the safety profile. Plant seeds were subjected to methanolic maceration followed by liquid- liquid scale extraction using solvents of different polarity to afford:crude extract (CrE), chloroform extract (ChE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE) and aqueous extract (AqE). Among these extracts, the highest contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were recorded in the crude extract (77.14 ± 0.01 µg GAE/mg E and 19.59 ± 0.08 µg QE/mg E, respectively). CrE and its fraction were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed regarding their phenolic compounds by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS.Results indicated that caffeic, ferulic and vanillic acids were the major phenolic acids alongside with flavonol kaempferol. Anti-radical activity was assessed in vitro using DPPH•, ABTS•+, H2O2, OH•, O2•- and NO•. EAE was the most active and potent radical scavenger. Meanwhile, EAE and ChE showed a high inhibition percentage at an early stage of β-Carotene/linoleic acid coupled oxidation with 81.99 ± 2.942% and 78.24 ± 1.46 %, respectively. These two fractions showed remarkable protection of linoleic acid against lipid peroxidation even after 96 h, where MDA absorbance values were very low. Metal chelating showed that AqE was the effective extract. However, in ferric reducing ability, EAE performed the best reducing activity with EC50 of 0.12 ± 0.002 mg/ml. All extracts effectively protected mice erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis in a concentration-dependent manner. EAE and CrE similarly dissociated the formed clot with a comparable percentage of 19.93% and 19.92%, respectively, reflecting their antithrombotic activity. While EAE and ChE showed partial blood clotting even after 3 h of observation.All plant extracts performed a noticeable ????-amylase inhibition. Where EAE showed the best inhibition activity with 0.63 ± 0.003 mg ACAE/g E against ????-amylase and 1.31 ± 0.037 mg ACAE/g E against ????-glucosidase. CrE and its fractions ffectively protected the HSA structure in thermal conditions even at low concentration (0.31 mg/ml). Oral administration of 200 mg/kg of crude extract successfully inhibited acetic acid-induced nociception and reduced edema formation induced by xylene and carrageenan. However,a dose-dependent manner was observed to decrease ear edema by a microscopic examination in croton oil-induced acute inflammation. Nitrite (NO2-) and MDA levels were decreased together with restoration of catalase activity by CrE administration.According to OECD guidelines, acute toxicity was performed at two limit tests; 2 g/kg and 5 g/kg where no signs of changes in animals’ behavior nor mortality were observed indicating CrE as a non-toxic substance. Sub-acute toxicity confirmed the safety use of CrE at repeated doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on a daily basis by lacking toxic signs regarding animals’ body weight and organs relative weight. In addition, histological analysis showed the absence of treatment-related changes in livers and kidney sections. Administration of CrE decreased MDA and NO2- levels and improved the cellular status of enzymatic antioxidants through enhancement of SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activities in the liver and kidney. To conclude, this study corroborated those bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols and flavonoids, from this plant as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents with a safe profile and supports the use of this plant in folk medicine.

2024-11-21T00:00:00Z