http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/48 2026-04-07T09:34:58Z 2026-04-07T09:34:58Z Derguine, Rania http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6606 2026-02-16T13:07:04Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Search for new genetic markers for type 1 diabetes Auteur(s): Derguine, Rania Résumé: This study aims to identify certain early pancreatic beta cell’s dysregulations responsible for type 1 diabetes development and to evaluate certain biological effects of curcumin and nicotinamide that may be effective in the management of type 1 diabetes. Initially, β-cell disorders were studied using streptozotocin-treated NIT-1 cells as an experimental model. Streptozotocin significantly induced the death of both β-cells and mice-isolated pancreatic islets. Streptozotocine-treated NIT- 1cells showed a set of disorders including an up-regulation of three genes expression related to ER- stress (ATF4, NF-ĸB1, and CHOP), and a state of oxidative stress which was observed as a decrease in GSH level and an increase in ROS accumulation, MDA level, and the activities of XO and SOD. Secondly, the potential beneficial effects of curcumin and nicotinamide on pancreatic beta-cells (NIT-1 cell line) and pancreatic islets (isolated from mice) were evaluated. Nicotinamide was non- toxic to both islets and NIT-1 cells, while curcumin showed a minor insignificant toxicity to NIT-1 cells .Curcumin and nicotinamide significantly enhanced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Curcumin significantly reduced insulin secretion in β-cells, whereas nicotinamide slightly increased this secretion. Both molecules significantly protected β-cells against the STZ-induced death and STZ-induced ROS accumulation. Curcumin at low dose (30µg/ml) exerted an antioxidant effect in β- cell as reflected by high level of GSH and low levels of MDA and SOD, while at high dose (60µg/ml), it induced oxidative stress. The antioxidant activity of nicotinamide was confirmed in vitro by evaluating its effect on xanthine oxydase activity. Nicotinamide showed remarquable and dose-dependent inhibition of XO activity. The possible side effects of these molecules on pancreatic β-cell was also verified by assessing their impact on the expression of NF-ĸB1, ATF4, and CHOP genes. Both molecules at high dose (60µg/ml) increased the expression of these genes. Bioinformatic study showed the interaction of curcumin with a set of proteins involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.The immuno-modulatory activity of curcumin and nicotinamide on human neutrophil was also assessed. Curcumin significantly decreased neutrophil viability, elastase activity, and myeloperoxidase activity in a dose-dependent manner, while nicotinamide showed no immunomodulatory effects on these parameters. Curcumin's potential as a HNE and MPO inhibitor was confirmed through computational studies, including molecular docking analysis, DFT calculations, and MEP analysis, which revealed its high affinity with HNE and MPO enzyme active sites and provide informations on the electronic, energetic, and elecroteostatic characteristics of curcumin.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z MADOUI, Soraya http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6581 2026-01-06T11:30:15Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: BIOCHEMISTRY Course intended for second-year Common Core students Auteur(s): MADOUI, Soraya Résumé: Biochemistry is the science that studies the structure and properties of the molecules that make up living organisms (such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids). It also examines the transfor- mation reactions (metabolism) of these molecules, including degradation reactions (catabolism) and biosynthesis reactions (anabolism). This structural biochemistry course is intended for second-year biology students. It aims to help them understand the structure and physicochemical properties of the three main components of living cells: proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. All life sciences require knowledge of biochemistry. The biochemistry of nucleic acids lies at the heart of genetics; conversely, genetic approaches have shed light on many areas of biochemistry. The field of physiology, which studies bodily functions, overlaps almost completely with that of biochemistry. Immunology relies heavily on biochemical techniques, and biochemists often em- ploy immunological approaches. Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences are founded on solid biochemical and physiological principles; for instance, most drugs are metabolized through enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Poisons act on biochemical reactions or pathways, which are the main focus of toxicology. Biochemical approaches are increasingly used to investigate the fun- damental aspects of pathology (the study of diseases), such as inflammation, cellular damage, and cancer. Many researchers in microbiology, animal biology, and plant biology rely almost exclusively on biochemical methods. These interconnections are not surprising, since life as we know it depends on biochemical reac- tions and transformations. Indeed, the traditional boundaries between the life sciences are dis- solving as biochemistry increasingly becomes their common language.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z OUKSEL, Louiza http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6566 2025-12-17T14:19:15Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Pratical work in general and organic chemistry for L1 SNV Auteur(s): OUKSEL, Louiza Résumé: Practical work (PW), commonly referred to as laboratory sessions or practicals, constitutes a pedagogical approach centered on experiential learning. It involves the performance of experiments designed to verify, illustrate, and complement the knowledge acquiredin theoretical courses. Such activities are particularly relevant to the experimental sciences. In contrast to lectures or tutorials, which are conducted primarily through oral or written means, practical sessions require the use of specialized equipment (e.g., laboratory glassware, chemical reagents, or computers). The instructional space dedicated to these activities, typically designed as a laboratory, is conventionally designated as a practical work laboratory or laboratory classroom. Practical work represents both an application and an assessment of students’ mastery of the scientific method, which entails formulating hypotheses, designing experimental protocols, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and refining the initial assumptions. Moreover, these sessions serve to demonstrate the techniques and processes implemented in applied workshops, while also allowing pedagogical materials to be adapted in accordance with the methods and technologies under investigation.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Aitfella, Radhia Aitfella, Radhia http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/6565 2025-12-17T13:03:09Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Use of phytogenic feed additives for the Management of avian coccidiosis : a promising alternative strategy; Use of phytogenic feed additives for the Management of avian coccidiosis : a promising alternative strategy Auteur(s): Aitfella, Radhia; Aitfella, Radhia Résumé: We investigated avian coccidiosis in Boumerdès Province (Algeria) and evaluated phytogenic alternatives to synthetic anticoccidials. From December 2017 to April 2018, 158 broiler farms were inspected; 72.8% were positive for Eimeria. Each farm received a biosecurity score (0–100) based on 75 indicators; none of the 22 farms scoring ≥ 70 were infected, whereas all positive farms scored below this threshold. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed biosecurity as the key determinant of infection: informal legal status, stocking density > 12 birds m², earth floors and degraded li????er markedly increased risk, while using public-supply water had a strong protective effect. Seven Eimeria species were detected, with distinct micro-regional distribution pa????erns. In parallel, water mint (Mentha aquatica L.) was characterised as a source of antioxidants and as a potential anticoccidial agent. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysed two extracts (aqueous infusion, hydro-ethanolic macerate). The hydro-ethanolic extract contained higher levels of phenolics. Still, it was more cytotoxic, whereas the infusion showed be????er cell tolerance, greater protection of human erythrocytes and strong α- glucosidase inhibition, indicating promising nutraceutical properties. However, neither chemical richness nor antioxidant capacity predicted anticoccidial efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Among the plant extracts tested, the aqueous extract of Thymus algeriensis showed the best in vivo performance, with high survival, improved lesion scores, and reduced oocyst shedding. At the same time, rosemary provided intermediate protection, and mint remained ineffective. Overall, achieving a minimal biosecurity threshold and combining optimised husbandry with selected phytogenics emerge as complementary strategies to control coccidiosis and reduce reliance on synthetic drugs in poultry production.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z